Pump



A. DRYEN.

PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. Il. |918. 1,327,428.

.Patented Jan. 6, 1920.

ACHILLE DRYEN, 0F LONDERZEEL, BELGIUM.

PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jane, 1920.

Application filed February 11, 1918. Serial No. 216,643.

.To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ACHILLE DRYEN, a

Vsubject of the King of Belgium, residing at Londerzeel, in the Kingdom of Belgium, have invented certain new and useful Im- .provements in Pumps, of which the following is a specication.

This invention relates to pumps and more particularly to pumps of that class which is used to force viscous solutions through capillary orifices as is the case, for instance 1in the manufactureof artificial silk.

As is known, it is necessary in the manufacture of artificial silk in order to secure a regular weight of thread per unit of length, that the pump forcing the solution of cellulose through the capillary orifices, discharge Va uniform quantity of solution.

This control of the output is generally effected by means of av pump'developing per unit of time a constant volume and delivering an equal volume of solution of cellulose though the capillary orifices, whatever may be the viscosity of the solution and the state of the Vcapillary orifices or of the lter through which the solution has been passed before reaching the capillarorices.

Practically, it is very di cult to secure a constant output by means of the pumps actually used.

Rotating pumps with gears cannot secure a constant output dead-spaces; piston-pumps provided with valves (either Vactuated by springs or not) have also a very variable output on account of the resistance which is Vopposedv bythe viscosity of the solution to the rapid operation of the valves. Forv this reason use is generally made of pumps provided with a positively operated distributer having, at each moment, a given position relativelyto the piston of the pump.v The use of this class of pumps, however, causes great difficulties, arising from the the incompressibility of the solution of cellulose.

In fact, in order thateach pump may give an invariableV volumetric output, it is necessary that the distributer possess a perfect tightness on account of the fact that a pump y of this kind has to deliver only a few hundredsle-lm? per hour and.' that a lating and hardening,

in view of their importantV facturer of artificial silk generally uses many thousands of these pumps which must all have the same volumetric output.

In order to obtain such a tightness it is necessary that no back flow can sure side to the low pressureside, which ow can easily occur if it is taken in consideration that, with collodion for instance, the dierence of lpressure between the two sides may vary from avoid such flow, `the distributer must possess overlapping parts at both sides which results ina compression of the solution of cellulose duringvthe time that the distributer reverses the communications; while being approximately inits mean position. But as the solution is incompressible, the pressure rises in the cylinder, thus throwing vgreat strains on the driving motor with the result that a part of the solution of cellulose-is eX- pelled through one or the otherjoint of the distributer, or of the piston or of the `eX- terior packing.

As a consequence thereof independently of the variation of the volumetric output and of great strains, a part of the solution of cellulose is disposed in the joints and on the friction surfaces this solution on coaguincreases the friction and, as a result, the order.

One object vof my invention is -tol avoid said inconveniences.

Another object is to provide for all the pumps of one installation a driving means' which, although being very s1mple,'will satisfy'all the above ystated requirements'.

`Referring to the annexed drawing: lFigure 1 shows a horizontal section of the take placeV through the distributer from the high prespump is soon out .of y

40 to 50 atmospheres.v To

pump constructed according to my invention, the distributer being in its mean posi- Y tion. 1

g. 2 isa sideV elevation, ona reduced scale, Vshowing the simultaneousdriving of the several pumps of a spinning machine.

in the drawing, i is the distribution Quest,

Q the cylinder of the pump.

The slide valve 3 's Vof the ordinary D type, lalthough any other form may be adapted s' the tyreshoweihasan advantage l in that by the difference of pressure acting upon the upper face and upon the lower face of the slide valve, this latter is strongly pressed upon itsiseat. The solution of cellulose, entering through 4 into the distribution chest is conducted, according to the position of the distributer, through the channels 5 or 6 to the one or other face of the piston 7; then, when the slide valve has reversed the communications, it is forced through channel 8 of the slide valve toward the outlet 9.

' In order to impart the necessary tight'- ness to the piston, it has been sufficiently lengthened so as to avoid any possibility of leakageA of the solution; the piston however may be provided with rings or with a packing' of a suitable kind.

The tightness of the rods of the piston and of the distributer is secured by a packin 11 pressed between a ring 10 and a stu'liing ox 12-tightened by a nut 13. i Movement is given to the distributer and to the piston of the pump by aid of two independent rods 14 and 15 to which the rods of the distributer and of the piston are connected without articulations by means of catches 16 which are keyed on the rods 14 and 15.

.The movement of the rods 14 and l5. which is identical to' that of the parts which are driven byy them, is controlled in such a manner that the rod 15, driving the piston 7 remains unmoved at the end of each stroke while the rod 14, driving the distributer and having with regard to the rod 15, a lead in relation to the characteristics of the distributer, still moves forward.

In the example shown, the movement of the rods 14 and 15 is produced by rollers 17 and 18 (Fig. 2) moving in slots 19 and 20 provided in blocks 21 and 22 to which blocks a reciprocating movement is transmitted by cranks and connecting rods.

V In order to maintain the rod 15, driving the piston at rest. at the end of each stroke, the slot 19 of the block 21 is provided at both ends with a part 23 parallel to the directvlon of movement of the block in such a manner that at the moment the roller 17 is in contact with this part of the slot, the rod -15 remains absolutely unmoved.

I do not limit myself to this specific mechanism, however, as other means for accomplishing the same result may be employed.

Y As shown in Fig. 2, the rods 14 and 15 eX- tend the whole-length of the spinning machine and operate, through the catches 16 all the pumps of said machine, said pumps being arranged coaXially or inoa line. The solution of cellulose leaving the pump, is directed to a nozzle or to a pipe upon which the capillary orifices are mounted.

On the pipe leading to the nozzle or to the -iiozzle-pipe is branched an air vessel in `which-the forcing pressure is maintained.

Owing to the elasticity of the air contained in this vessel, the solution of cellulose contained in the lower part of said vessel feeds the nozzle or the capillary orifices while the piston of the pump is at rest.

It will be observed that in the construction shown, on account of the stopping of the piston 7 at the end of each stroke, the delivery and the suction of the pump are interrupted during the time the communications are reversed between the channels by the slide-valve 3. During the time the piston is at rest, however, the cylinder-side which received the solution of cellulose under pressure, still receives said solution a given time after the stopping of the piston, in such a manner that the solution of cellulose completely fills the cylinder. As, on the other hand, on account of the stopping of the piston, the tightness of the distributer can be secured by using a slide-valve, having exterior and interior laps, in which the thickness of the parts of the slide-valve separating the distribution chest from the interior channel of the slide-valve (and separating consequently the pressure at the inlet from the pressure at the outlet) is greater than the breadth of the orifices communicating with the cylinder, it will be understood that, notwithstanding the incompressibility of the solution of cellulose, any loss of material will be avoided, thus realizing a volumetric delivery of 100%.

What I claim is:

l. In a pump of the kind described, in combination a cylinder, a piston having a reciprocal movement in said cylinder, a distribution chest, a Slide valve having a reciprocal movement in said distribution chest, a rod giving the reciprocal movement to the piston, a block provided with a slot driving said rod, said slot being` formed at the ends so as to maintain the piston at rest at the end of each stroke. e

2. In a Vpump of the kind described, in combination a cylinder, a piston having a reciprocal movement in said cylinder, a distribution chest, a slide-valve having a vreciprocal movement in said distribution chest,

a rod giving the reciprocal movement to the piston, catches keyed on said rod and driving the piston and a block provided with a slot driving said rod, the said slot being provided at each end with parts parallel to the direction of movement of the block, whereby the piston is maintained at rest at the end of each stroke.

3. A plurality of pumps of the kind described, said pumps being arranged coaXially Vin a line, each of said pumps comprising a cylinder, a distribution chest and a slidevalve having a reciprocal movement in said distribution chest, two rods extending parallel to said pumps, catches keyed on said Arods and giving an identical reciprocal In testimony whereof I have aHiXed my signature in presence of tWo Witnesses.

ACHILLE DRYEN.

Witnesses:

JACQUES BEBE, EMIL VAN WANSELL. 

